Principle of Mathematical Induction - Tutorial with Example Problems

In this post, I am adding a study material for Principle of Mathematical induction. The principle of Mathematical induction is a proving technique widely used. Therefore, Mathematical induction also comes in various subjects like mathematics, physics and theory of computation (also in engineering courses). The same thing is taught in plus one (first year of higher secondary or senior seconadary (for CBSE)) maths. Here i am adding a pdf file with a tutorial for Principle of mathematical induction. You can download the PDF tutorial from following link:

Click here to download PDF tutorial.

Storage Classes for Variables in C Programming Language

Every variable in C programming language has two properties; type and storage class. 'Type' refers to the data type of the variable such as integer, character, floating point values etc. It also deals with the size of the variable ( in bytes). 'Storage class' determines the part of memory where storage is allocated for the variable and how long the storage allocation continues to exist. It also determines the scope which specifies the part of the program over which a variable name is visible, i.e. the variable is accessible by name. The scope restriction can be overrode by making use of pointers. Whatever, in short, storage class is the property that determines the part of memory where storage is allocated, the lifetime of variable and the scope of the variable.

There are for storage classes in C programming:

• Automatic
• Register
• External
• Static

Intel 8085 Microprocessor Simulator for Android Phones

8085 microprocessor

Intel 8085 is a basic microprocessor with 8 bit data bus. Since it is a basic microprocessor, it is included in the syllabus of many Engineering and Diploma courses. Assembly level programming for 8085 microprocessor is also part of many syllabi. The same microprocessor kit is also available in many colleges for practicals. So, it is inevitable to have an Intel 8085 simulator. There are some simulators available for PC. But they are not much abundant in Android apps. Here i am telling you about an 8085 simulator for your Android phone. You can find it by searching in playstore "Intel 8085 Simulator".

8085 Simulator in Playstore

Intel 8085 Microprocessor Instructions - Hex codes and Mnemonics

In this post, we will see the 8085 Microprocessor instructions and corresponding hex codes. This table is useful to hand assemble the  8085 program. In many universities, 8085 programming is included for practicals under computer science and engineering courses. Each mnemonic has its own hex codes. An assembler is a program which converts the code written in mnemonics into hexadecimal codes. The monitor program (part of microprocessor kit) translates the hex codes to corresponding actions to be performed by CPU.

Get 8085 Simulator (with assembler)  for computer

Get 8085 Simulator for Mobile

How to hard Reset Nokia E6 - 00

In this post, we will see how to hard reset Nokia E6-00, simply Nokia E6. Hard reset will erase all the

Nokia E6 - 00

data on the phone memory. You should backup your contacts and other important data before doing it. You should have enough battery charge before you hard reset your phone. Now to hard reset the phone, you have three options. You can solve most of the software problems (if any) with the phone by just doing a hard reset. To hard reset your phone, there are three methods. I recommend the second method.

Method 1:

Hard Reset with Software Menu:

Go to Menu and navigate as follows:

Menu -> Settings -> Phone -> Phone management -> Factory settings -> Delete data and restore
Nokia E6 will ask for the security code. Enter it. The default security lock code is: 12345. If you have changed it, enter your security code.

How to Hard Reset Sony Xperia P

Sony Xperia P

This post will tell you how to hard reset a Sony Xperia P Android Smart phone. Before you hard reset your phone, you should take a backup for whatever data you may need later, especially contacts. You may backup your contacts using 'export' option in options menu of 'contacts'. You may also use the 'PC companion' software provided by Sony to take backup. Another option is to use the backup service provided by Google server.

How to Hard Reset Nokia C5 -00

In this post, we will see how to hard reset Nokia C5 phones. Nokia C5 phones are Symbian s60 phones. Hard resetting Nokia C5 is so simple. You can solve most of the non hardware problems with the phone by just doing a hard reset. Hard reseting will erase all data on phone including Contacts, applications, notes etc. After hard reset the phone will be as if you have bought it as a new one. So, before you hard reset your phone, don't forget to backup your all important data including contacts.

Hard reset Nokia C5 00

In the case of contacts, you may copy all the contacts into your SIM card. Or you may use the built in backup option available in phone which will backup contacts, applications, notes etc. You can see it in options somewhere in 'tools'->'Memory card'. You may also backup all your data using a Nokia PC suite or Ovi-suite.


To hard reset Nokia C5-00 and similar phones, follow given instructions:

1. Switch off the phone first

How to Connect PC or Laptop to Internet Using Android Phone

The Android operating system supports usage of Android phones as an Internet modem for Personal computer or laptops. This facility of sharing the Internet connection of Android phone with a laptop or PC through a USB cable is called USB tethering. It supports most of major operating systems.

In Linux:

In Linux you just have to enable 'packet data' in phone first, connect phone with PC or laptop through USB data cable and check the option 'USB tethering' in Settings. It is somewhere within USB settings or Wifi and network settings. The place of this option may vary from phone to phone.In my phone (Ssmsung Galaxy S Advance, GT-I9070) , it is found as follows: Settings-> Wireless and Neetwork->Tethering and Portable Hotspot-> USB tethering. Check the option 'USB Tethering'. When 'USB tethering' is enabled, your Linux OS will automatically install the 'Remote NDIS based Internet sharing' driver. and your computer will automatically connect to internet within a few minutes.

Windows XP:

How to Hard Reset Samsung Galaxy Y or Young GT-S5360

This post is to tell you how to hard reset a Samsung Galaxy Young. Samsung Galaxy Young is an Android phone from Samsung with model number GT - S5360 which is often referred to as Galaxy Y. Before you hard reset, you should take a backup of all your important data that may be required later. You may get some help from Youtube videos demonstrating backup process.

How to Backup Samsung Galaxy Phones to Google account

How to Backup Android How to backup contacts in Samsung Galaxy Android phone

Samsung Galaxy Y ( Young ) GT S5360

For taking .apk backups for your applications in the phone you may use applications like 'Clean Master'. Data in your memory card and contacts in SIM card will not be lost during hard reset. All the settings will be reset to the default values because the whole operating system of the phone is refreshed. You can try the following method of hard reset even if your phone is not turning ON.

After taking backup, follow the given steps: